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HENRI IV FRANCE - SPAIN

Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516) became King Ferdinand V of Castille, when he married Isabella of Castille. One of their Children, Catherine became the first wife of Henry VIII of England.

Castille when combined with Catelonia and other smaller provinces, eventually became what is known today as Spain. One of those smaller provinces was Navarre of which the larger part was annexed by Ferdinand in 1512. Ferdinand was also known by the name of "Ferdinand the Catholic". The eldest daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella was Joane (Juana), Also known as "Joane the mad".

Emperor Charles V (1500 - 1558) was the son of Joane and Philip, Duke of Burgundy, who was descended from the Hapsburgs of Austria. From the death of his father in 1506 he started acquiring lands and titles, starting with Burgundy. With the death of Ferdinand in 1516, he became King of Castille and Aragon, which in turn led to him being ruler of Naples. He was also elected as ruler of the Empire of Germany.

Charles' son Philip was born in 1527 and was a devout Catholic. In 1543 be married Maria of Portugal and then after Maria's death, he married Mary I (daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon), Queen of England in 1554.

In 1556 he was crowned as King Philip II of Spain.

In 1559 a year after Mary's death, Philip married Elizabeth Valois (daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de Medici, elder sister of Marguerite, future wife of Henri IV of France). Elizabeth Valois died in 1568.

Philip married Anne of Austria in 1570, she gave him a son and heir before she died in 1580.

Having routed the protestants in Spain, he turned his attention to those in France and England.

Picture of King Philip II of Spain

Philip II

He provided support to the Catholic Leagues, under the leadership of the Guises in France and in 1588 sent the Armada against England, which had reverted towards Protestantism under Elizabeth I, who had inherited the crown from her staunchly Catholic half sister and Philip's former wife Mary I.

With the death of Henri III of France Philip found himself at war with Henri IV who was one of the much hated Protestants. Even with Henri's conversion back to the Catholic faith in 1593 this war continued up almost until Philip's death in 1598.

Treaty of Vervins was signed on 2 May 1598 which removed Spanish troops from French soil. This treaty was signed less than three weeks after the Edict of Nantes (13 April 1598).

Philip II died on 13 September 1598 and was succeeded by his son Philip III (1578–1621).

Queen Elizabeth I of England died on the 24th of March, 1603. Her successor King James I of England also made peace with Spain, signing the treaty of London on the 18th of August 1604.


 


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DVD movie

A story about Joane the mad of Castille.

CODE 1

 

 

A picture of a red shield with a linked chain motif, representing the kingdom of Navarre

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A picture of a blue shield with 3 yellow Fluer de lis, representing the Kingdom of France